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PASGR Knowledge Repository
The Partnership for African Social and Governance Research (PASGR) Repository serves as a comprehensive platform for digital information and knowledge produced by PASGR in fulfilling our various mandates. This Repository was created to enhance the visibility, accessibility, and effective dissemination of PASGR's information and knowledge to all stakeholders, while also preserving institutional memory for posterity.
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Item type: Item , Policy Cultures in Rwanda(PASGR, 2025-09) Samwel Oando; Jim KaketchPolicy cultures in Africa are heavily influenced by a complex interplay of historical legacies, institutional frameworks, governance capacities, and stakeholder interests. Colonial administrative structures established centralized bureaucracies, hierarchical decision-making, and top-down governance models that still persist in many states. In some countries, there have also been notable shifts towards inclusive governance, driven by institutional reforms, democratization, and the active involvement of diverse stakeholders in the policymaking process. This study explored the policy cultures in Rwanda to identify how evidence is integrated into the process, and the barriers and opportunities that may exist for evidence-informed policymaking.Item type: Item , Policy Cultures In Nigeria(PASGR, 2025-09) Jim Kaketch; Samwel OandoNigeria is one of the leading economies in Africa. However, the country still faces challenges related to governance inefficiencies, which undermine its development and contribute to poverty. In addition, patronage politics, corruption, and ethnic divisions contribute to degraded performance in key sectors such as infrastructure, health, and education. This study examined policy cultures in Nigeria to uncover their role in shaping the use of data and evidence in decision-making. Studying policy cultures can explain why certain policies emerge, why others fail, and why local innovations often struggle to gain traction. The goal of this study was to examine how policies in Nigeria are identified, debated, and institutionalized, and how policy cultures shape the use of data and evidence in decision-making.Item type: Item , Policy Cultures in Kenya(PASGR, 2025-09) Samwel Oando; Jim KaketchKenya's policymaking has gradually evolved from centralized, elite-driven governance to a more participatory, decentralized system. In the years following independence, policy decisions were largely top-down, with minimal citizen participation. While national development plans guided policy, they were often more aspirational than evidence-informed, reflecting elite visions rather than empirical realities. Pressure by international financial institutions in later years reshaped Kenya’s policy space but prioritised liberalization, privatization, and fiscal austerity, with little regard for local socio-economic dynamics. Evidence generated by local researchers and civil society was often ignored, as donor priorities dominated policy directions. The promulgation of a new constitution in 2010 and the introduction of devolution marked a critical turning point, as county governments became key players in policymaking, requiring evidence to guide localized planning and service delivery. Parliamentary oversight, judicial review, and independent commissions also created new spaces for evidence-informed debates. This study explored how evidence is generated, shared, and integrated into the policymaking process in Kenya, as well as the barriers and opportunities that exist for evidence-informed policymaking.Item type: Item , Social Safeguards in Infrastructure Development(PASGR, 2025-06) Sally Miruri; Irene Kinoti; Mercy Limiri; Jim KaketchInfrastructure development is vital for economic growth and improving livelihoods in Kenya. However, the social impacts of these projects, such as displacement, loss of livelihoods, and human rights concerns, often receive inadequate attention. Evidence from the Utafiti Sera House on Urban Governance and City Transformation reveals critical gaps between national legislation and the social safeguard standards required by international donors like the World Bank and African Development Bank (AfDB). Current infrastructure planning primarily emphasizes economic and property considerations, often neglecting the human and social dimensions. Legal frameworks in Kenya tend to prioritize property law over human rights, limiting professionals like planners and engineers from addressing social impacts unless international financiers mandate it. Feasibility studies similarly prioritize financial and land acquisition aspects, sidelining displacement, loss of livelihoods, and community disruption.Item type: Item , Understanding Zambia's Progress Towards Universal Health Coverage(PASGR, 2025-06) Mulenga Ching'ambo; Amos Mwale; Jim KaketchAchieving Universal Health Coverage (UHC) is a key priority lor the Zambian government, as outlined in the 8th National Development Plan (2022-2026) and the National Health Strategic Plan. Despite significant reforms aligned with the World Health 0rganisation’s Six Pillars of a Strong Health System, Zambia faces several challenges in accelerating progress towards UHC. These challenges include inadequate financing, insufficient human resources concentrated in urban areas, and limited availability of medicines and diagnostic services, particularly in public health facilities. The COVID-19 pandemic highlighted the need for enhanced drug security and availability to build a resilient healthcare system.