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PASGR Knowledge Repository
The Partnership for African Social and Governance Research (PASGR) Repository serves as a comprehensive platform for digital information and knowledge produced by PASGR in fulfilling our various mandates. This Repository was created to enhance the visibility, accessibility, and effective dissemination of PASGR's information and knowledge to all stakeholders, while also preserving institutional memory for posterity.
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Item type: Item , Social Safeguards in Infrastructure Development(PASGR, 2025-06) Sally Miruri; Irene Kinoti; Mercy Limiri; Jim KaketchInfrastructure development is vital for economic growth and improving livelihoods in Kenya. However, the social impacts of these projects, such as displacement, loss of livelihoods, and human rights concerns, often receive inadequate attention. Evidence from the Utafiti Sera House on Urban Governance and City Transformation reveals critical gaps between national legislation and the social safeguard standards required by international donors like the World Bank and African Development Bank (AfDB). Current infrastructure planning primarily emphasizes economic and property considerations, often neglecting the human and social dimensions. Legal frameworks in Kenya tend to prioritize property law over human rights, limiting professionals like planners and engineers from addressing social impacts unless international financiers mandate it. Feasibility studies similarly prioritize financial and land acquisition aspects, sidelining displacement, loss of livelihoods, and community disruption.Item type: Item , Understanding Zambia's Progress Towards Universal Health Coverage(PASGR, 2025-06) Mulenga Ching'ambo; Amos Mwale; Jim KaketchAchieving Universal Health Coverage (UHC) is a key priority lor the Zambian government, as outlined in the 8th National Development Plan (2022-2026) and the National Health Strategic Plan. Despite significant reforms aligned with the World Health 0rganisation’s Six Pillars of a Strong Health System, Zambia faces several challenges in accelerating progress towards UHC. These challenges include inadequate financing, insufficient human resources concentrated in urban areas, and limited availability of medicines and diagnostic services, particularly in public health facilities. The COVID-19 pandemic highlighted the need for enhanced drug security and availability to build a resilient healthcare system.Item type: Item , Advancing Research Evidence for Youth Employment in Agribusiness and Agro-Processing: Building Inclusive Policies and Practices for MSME Growth in Kenya(PASGR, 2025-06) Benson Mangeni; Patrick Odame; Lucy Adoyo; Elsie Kangai; Mercy Limiri; Jim KaketchThis policy brief is based on the synthesis and analysis of Utafiti Sera Youth Employment Creation project survey data, comprehensive literature reviews spanning global, national, and county initiatives, newly generated evidence from an empirical study focusing on new youth-led Agro-based SMEs in mango, potato, and avocado value chains, and a stakeholders’ forum comprising National and County leaders, youth, business communities, academia, research institutions, NGOs, and farmers. The project is hosted by the Center for African Bio-Entrepreneurship (CABE Africa) in collaboration with the Partnership for African Social and Governance Research (PASGR). The policy brief underscores the critical role of agribusiness and agro-processing in addressing youth unemployment in Kenya, focusing on mango, potato, and avocado value chains. It identifies challenges such as gender and age disparities, limited formalization of youth-led MSMEs, inadequate access to finance and markets, and low participation in value addition. Despite their potential, youth involvement in agribusiness is hindered by insufficient skills, fragmented business environments, and lack of enabling infrastructure. The findings reveal that most youth-led enterprises operate informally, face difficulties in scaling up, and struggle to access export markets due to regulatory and logistical barriers. These challenges call for targeted interventions to promote sustainability, equity, and innovation within the sector. To increase youth participation and create jobs, the policy brief recommends improving access to finance, facilitating business formalization, and promoting ICT adoption in agribusiness. It emphasizes the need for gender-inclusive policies, capacity-building initiatives, and infrastructure investments to support value addition and market linkages. Coordination among stakeholders, including government agencies, private sector players, and civil society, is crucial to creating a supportive ecosystem. These measures aim to shift agribusiness from subsistence to a competitive, youth-driven sector, supporting Kenya’s economic growth and national development goals.Item type: Item , No Girl Left Behind: Advancing Adolescent Girls’ Education in Ethiopia(2025-04) Kiya Gezahegne; Zenebe Yohanes; Susan Gichuna; Martin Kapchanga; Sam OandoAdolescent girls in Ethiopia face persistent barriers to education, including sociocultural norms, economic constraints, and political challenges, particularly in rural areas. While enrollment has improved, issues such as early marriage, gender-based violence, and weak policy enforcement continue to hinder progress. Urgent action is needed through gender-responsive policies, community engagement, and stronger legal frameworks to ensure girls’ safety and keep them in school. Collaboration among government, civil society, and grassroots organizations is crucial for creating an inclusive education system that empowers girls and secures their right to learn. This brief highlights key challenges and recommendations to improve adolescent girls’ education in Ethiopia, drawing on evidence from the political economy analysis of the Inspiring Girls and Grassroots Networks for Inclusive and Transformative Education (IGNITE) consortium project.Item type: Item , Breaking Barriers to Inclusive Education for Adolescent Girls in Nigeria(PASGR, 2025-04) Oluwafunmilayo J. Para-Mallam, mni; Oluwaseun Ayomipo; Susan Gichuna; Martin Kapchanga; Sam OandoIn Nigeria, the interplay of historical, political, socio-cultural and economic factors contributes to the construction of gender norms hinder many adolescent girls’ access to education. Of the country’s 18.5 million out-of-school children, 60% are girls (UNICEF, 2022). Political economy analysis (PEA). Political economy analysis (PEA) revealed wide gender disparities in educational enrolment and attainment across regions and urban/rural areas. This brief highlights critical pathways to overcoming barriers to adolescent girls’ access to inclusive and transformative education in Nigeria. It recommends mainstreaming gender equality and social inclusion approaches in education sector planning, financing and practice. This involves strengthening local governments, building a community of practice around gender-responsive budgeting, amplifying the voices of adolescents on matters that concern their education and general wellbeing, strengthening feminist CSOs in education sector policy advocacy and capacity building, and dismantling harmful cultural norms and practices that inhibit girls’ access to quality education.